USPTO Patents Application 10670332

Attorney Docket No. 0465-1029P

OPTICAL DISC, METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR
MANAGING A DEFECTIVE AREA ON AN OPTICAL DISC

[0001] This application claims the benefit of Korean Application Nos.
P2003-008564 filed on February 11, 2003, and P2003-005214 filed on
January 27, 2003, the entirety of each of which are hereby incorporated by
reference.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of the Invention

[0002] The present invention relates to a method for managing a
defective area on a high density optical disc, and more particularly to a write
once optical disc, an apparatus and a method for managing a defective area
on a high density optical disc such as a Blu-ray Disc Write Once (BD-WO).

Background of the Related Art

[0003] A new high density optical disc, on which high quality video,
and audio data can be written, erased and rewritten for long periods of time,
e.g., a Blu-ray Disc re-writable (BD-RE), is currently being developed.

[0004] As seen in FIG. 1, an optical disc device for writing and
reproducing data to and from the BD-RE is provided with an optical pickup
11 for writing and reproducing a signal to and from an optical disc 10. A
video disc recorder (VDR) system 12 for processing a signal from the optical
pickup 11 as a reproduced signal, or demodulating and processing an

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external data stream into a writable signal suitable for writing is also shown.
An encoder 13 for encoding, and providing an external analog signal to the
VDR system 12 is also provided in the optical disc device.

[0005] As seen in FIG. 2, the BD-RE is divided into, and assigned a
lead-in area (LI A), a data area, and a lead-out area (LOA). The data area is
provided with a user data area, and an inner spare area (ISA) and an outer
spare area (OSA) assigned to a fore end and a rear end of the user data area,
respectively. The LIA is provided with a defect management area (DMA)
having disc definition structure (DDS) information and a defect list (DFL)
information for managing a defective area.

[0006] In the meantime, the VDR system 12 of the optical disc device
writes the external data in clusters corresponding to an ECC Block unit
having a predetermined recording size after encoding and demodulating the
external signal into a signal suitable for writing. As shown in FIG. 2, if a
defective area is found in the user data area when the data is being written
in the user data area, the VDR system 12 carries out a series of replacement
writing operations in which the clusters of data written on the defective area
are written on one of the spare areas, e.g., on the inner spare area (ISA) in
place of the defective area.

[0007] The VDR system 12 also writes and manages the defect list
information for accessing the data written in the spare area during
replacement writing operations. The defect list information has a
predetermined recording size, e.g., a fixed recording size of four clusters, and

includes a plurality of defect entries (Defect_Entry #1 ~ #n) each with written

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location information about the respective defective area, and written location
information about the data written in the spare area during replacement.

[0008] Therefore, even if there is a defective area in the user data area
of the BD-RE, the VDR system 12 can prevent a data writing error in
advance by writing the clusters of data written on the defective area on the
spare area in place of the detective area, and also reproducing the data from
the spare area.

[0009] The Blu-ray Disc Write-Once (BD-WO) is another type of high
density optical disc that is being developed where a high quality of data can
be recorded and reproduced to and from the disc. As the name may suggest,
data can be written only once on the BD-WO and is not re-writable on the
BD-WO. However, the BD-WO can be read repeatedly. As a result, the BD-
WO is useful where the rewritability of data on a recording medium is not
desired or essential.

[0010] Discussions on the standardization of high density optical discs,
e.g., such as BD-WO, have recently been underway. In this regard, a disc
structure, a method and an apparatus for managing defective areas of the
BD-WO are needed, which accommodate and consider the unique
characteristics and intended operations of the BD-WO. Such techniques
will render the BD-WO commercially marketable and operationally feasible.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0011] The present invention achieves one of more of these and other

advantages not realized by the related art.

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[0012] An object of the present invention is to provide a method for
managing a defective area on an optical recording medium in which defect
list information, or temporary defect list information for managing a defective
area of a high density optical disc, such as a BD-WO, is written and
managed more effectively and efficiently. For example, the method of the
present is directed at reducing unnecessary loss of data recording capacity
due to the defect list information or the temporary defect information.

[0013] One or more of these and other aspects of the invention are
accomplished by a method for managing an optical recording medium having
at least one temporary defect management area, and at least one spare area
in a data area, the method comprising replacing data written in a defective
area by writing the data written in the defective area to the at least one spare
area as replacement data if the defective area within the data area is
detected; and writing defect management information in the at least one
temporary defect management area for access to the data written in the
spare area, wherein the defect management information for access to the
data written in the spare area is identified by at least one navigation pointer.

[0014] One or more of these and other aspects of the invention are

accomplished by a method for managing an optical recording medium having

at least one temporary defect management area, and at least one spare area

in a data area, the method comprising replacing data written in a defective

area of the data area in the at least one spare area in place of the defective

area as replacement data if the defective area within the data area is

detected; and producing defect list information and disc definition structure

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information in the at least one temporary defect management area for access
to the data written in the spare area as replacement data, and managing the
defect list information and the disc definition structure information, wherein
the defect list information includes defect entries corresponding to the
replacement data actually written, and the disc definition structure
information includes writing location information of a next available sector of
the spare area for replacement writing as at least one navigation pointer.

[0015] One or more of these and other aspects of the invention are
accomplished by a recording medium comprising at least one spare area
within a data area; a temporary defect management area for managing a
defective area within the data area; a portion of the at least one spare area
capable of storing replacement data, wherein data written in the defective
area is replaced by writing the data written in the defective area to the
portion of the at least one spare area as the replacement data; and defect
management information in the at least one temporary defect management
area for access to the data written in the portion of the at least one spare
area, wherein the defect management information for access to the data
written in the spare area is identified by at least one navigation pointer.

[0016] One or more of these and other aspects of the invention are
accomplished by a recording medium comprising at least one spare area in
the data area; a temporary defect management area for managing a defective
area within the data area; a portion of the at least one spare area capable of
storing replacement data, wherein data written in the defective area is

replaced by writing the data written in the defective area to the portion of the

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at least one spare area as the replacement data; and defect list information
and disc definition structure information in the temporary defect
management area for access to the data written in the portion of the at least
one spare area, wherein the defect list information includes defect entries
corresponding to the replacement data actually written, and the disc
definition structure information includes writing location information of a
next available sector of the at least one spare area for replacement writing as
at least one navigation pointer.

[0017] One or more of these and other aspects of the invention are
accomplished by an apparatus for managing an optical recording medium
having at least one temporary defect management area, and at least one
spare area in a data area, the apparatus comprising a combination of
components for replacing data written in a defective area by writing the data
written in the defective area to the at least one spare area as replacement
data if the defective area within the data area is detected; and for writing
defect management information in the at least one temporary defect
management area for access to the data written in the spare area, wherein
the defect management information for access to the data written in the
spare area is identified by at least one navigation pointer.

[0018] One or more of these and other aspects of the invention are

accomplished by an apparatus for managing an optical recording medium

having at least one temporary defect management area, and at least one

spare area in a data area, the apparatus comprising a combination of

components for replacing data written in a defective area of the data area in

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the at least one spare area in place of the defective area as replacement data
if the defective area within the data area is detected; and for producing defect
list information and disc definition structure information in the at least one
temporary defect management area for access to the data written in the
spare area as replacement data, and managing the defect list information
and the disc definition structure information, wherein the defect list
information includes defect entries corresponding to the replacement data
actually written, and the disc definition structure information includes
writing location information of a next available sector of the spare area for
replacement writing as at least one navigation pointer.

[0019] Further scope of applicability of the present invention will
become apparent from the detailed description given hereinafter. However,
it should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples,
while indicating preferred embodiments of the invention, are given by way of
illustration only, since various changes and modifications within the spirit
and scope of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art
from this detailed description.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0020] The present invention will become more fully understood from
the detailed description given hereinafter and the accompanying drawings
which are given by way of illustration only, and thus are not limitative of the
present invention, and wherein:

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FIG. 1 is a schematic of an optical disc device of the related art;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a method of the related art for managing
a defective area on a BD-RE;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an optical disc recording and reproducing
device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIGS. 4A and 4B illustrate a structure of a single layer BD-WO and a
dual layer BD-WO optical disc, respectively, according to an embodiment of
the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a method for managing a defective area
on a BD-WO in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a method for managing a defective area
on a BD-WO in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present
invention;

FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a method for managing a defective area
on a BD-WO in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present
invention;

FIG. 8 is a block diagram of temporary defect list information written
and managed according to a method for managing a defective area on a BD-
WO in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a block diagram of temporary defect list information written
and managed according to a method for managing a defective area on a BD-
WO in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

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FIG. 10 is a block diagram of temporary defect list information written
and managed according to a method for managing a defective area on a BD-
WO in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 1 1 is a block diagram of temporary defect list information written
and managed according to a method for managing a defective area on a BD-
WO in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing defect definition structure
information written and managed according to a method for managing a
defective area on a BD-WO in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the
present invention;

FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing defect definition structure
information written and managed according to a method for managing a
defective area on a BD-WO in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the
present invention;

FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing defect definition structure
information written and managed according to a method for managing a
defective area on a single layer BD-WO in accordance with a preferred
embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing defect definition structure
information written and managed according to a method for managing a
defective area on a dual layer BD-WO in accordance with a preferred
embodiment of the present invention; and

FIG. 16 is a block diagram showing temporary defect list information

written and managed according to a method for managing a defective area on

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a single layer BD-WO and a dual layer BD-WO in accordance with another
preferred embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0021] Reference will now be made in detail to the preferred
embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in
the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present
invention will be described in greater detail hereinafter with reference to FIGs.
3-16, and more particularly with reference to the optical disc recording and
reproducing device 20 shown in FIG. 3.

[0022] FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an optical disc recording and
reproducing device 20 according to a preferred embodiment of the present
invention. The optical disc recording and /or reproducing device 20
(hereinafter optical disc recording/ reproducing device) includes an optical
pickup 22 for writing and reading data to and from an optical recording
medium 21, a servo unit 23 for controlling the pickup 22 to maintain a
distance between an objective lens of the pickup 22 and the recording
medium 21 and for tracking relevant tracks on the recording medium 21, a
data processor 24 for processing and supplying input data to the pickup 22
for writing, and for processing data read from the recording medium 21, an
interface 25 for exchanging data and/ or commands with any external host
30, a memory or storage 27 for storing information and data therein
including defect management data associated with the recording medium 2 1 ,

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and a microprocessor or controller 26 for controlling the operations and
elements of the recording/ reproducing device 20.

[0023] Data to be written or read to or from the recording medium 21
may also be stored in the memory 27. All the components of the
recording/ reproducing device 20 are operatively coupled. In the exemplary
embodiment shown, the recording medium 21 is a recording medium of
write-once type, e.g., such as a BD-WO.

[0024] FIGS. 4A and 4B illustrate a structure of a single layer BD-WO
and a dual layer BD-WO optical disc, respectively, according to an
embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the
BD-WO can have one or two recording layers. In FIG. 4A, a BD-WO having
only a single recording layer (Layer 0) includes a single recording layer
composed of a lead-in area (LI A), a data area, and a lead-out area (LOA), and
is referred to herein as a single layer disc. In FIG. 4B, a dual layer BD-WO
includes two recording layers (Layers 0 and 1) and is referred to hereinafter
as a dual layer disc. The first recording layer (Layer 0) includes a LIA, a
data area, and an outer zone. The second recording layer (Layer 1) includes
a LOA, a data area and an outer zone, and is referred to herein as a dual
layer disc. Generally, a data writing occurs in the direction shown with the
dotted arrow in the dual layer disc. The single layer disc can have a
capacity of 23.3, 25.0 or 27.0 Gbytes, whereas the dual layer disc can have a
capacity of 46.6, 50.0, or 54.0 Gbytes.

[0025] It should be noted that all the different embodiments of the

present invention, e.g., various methods discussed hereinafter, are

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applicable to any type of an optical disc, such as a single layer BD-WO, a
dual layer BD-WO or a BD-RE. Further, although the use of the
recording/ reproducing device 20 of FIG. 3 is discussed below in conjunction
with the methods of the invention, the invention is not limited to such and
encompasses other recording/ reproducing devices as long as they are
configured to implement the present methods. For instance, the device
shown in FIG. 1 may be used to implement the present methods as needed.

[0026] FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a method for managing a defective
area on a BD-WO in accordance with an embodiment of the present
invention. In this method, a defective area on a BD-WO is managed in a
manner similar to the methods utilized for BD-RE, in which a new
Temporary DFL (TDFL) having a fixed recording size of four clusters is
defined for application to the BD-WO. In the exemplary method for
managing a defective area shown in FIG. 5, first to third defect entries D_Ent
# 1 ~ #3 produced during a process of replacement writing in the middle of a
first data writing operation are written and managed as first temporary
defect list (lstJTDFL) information of four clusters.

[0027] Next, a fourth entry D_Ent #4 produced during a process of
replacement writing in the middle of a second data writing operation is
added, so as to write and manage first to fourth defect entries D_Ent # 1 ~ #4
as second temporary defect list (2nd_TDFL) information of four clusters. In
addition, a fifth entry D_Ent #5 produced during a process of replacement
writing in the middle of a third data writing operation is added, so as to write

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and manage first to fifth defect entries D_Ent #1 ~ #5 as third temporary
defect list (3rd_TDFL) information of four clusters.

[0028] However, if the foregoing operations are carried out repeatedly,
there may be a problem in that a data recording capacity of the BD-WO is
wasted or otherwise used inefficiently since the TDFL information with a four
cluster fixed recording size is written and rewritten many times.

[0029] That is, in a case of the BD-RE, use of the defect list information
with a four cluster fixed recording size does not matter because prior defect
list information can be renewed as the BD-RE is re-writable. However, in a
case of the BD-WO, a data recording capacity of the BD-WO is wasted or
used inefficiently because a prior defect list cannot be renewed in the non re-
writable (write once) BD-WO and therefore requires writing new temporary
defect list information. Therefore, the present inventors have determined
that the prior defect list information cannot be efficiently renewed in this
format in this type of system.

[0030] FIG. 6 is another block diagram of a method for managing a
defective area on a BD-WO in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the
present invention. As seen in FIG. 6, an exemplary BD-WO includes a lead-
in area (LIA), a data area, and a lead-out area (LOA). The data area also
includes a user data area with Physical Sector Numbers (PSN) and Logical
Sector Numbers (LSN) provided together, and non-user data areas each only
having physical sector numbers given thereto.

[0031] The non-user data area includes a spare area, e.g., an outer

spare area (OSA) for writing data in place of a defective area, and a

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Temporary Defect List Area (TDFL Area) for writing management information
on the defective area and the data written on the spare area. The OSA may
be assigned to an ISA, or the ISA may be provided additionally in both
locations. Similarly, the TDFL area may be assigned to a position adjacent
to the OSA, or provided additionally in both locations.

[0032] The optical disc recording/ reproducing device 20 of the optical
disc device described with reference to FIG. 3 writes data continuously on a
predetermined writing sector in the user data area when writing data. The
predetermined data writing sector may be set as a Defect Verify Unit (DVU) of
a recording size equivalent to one, or more than one, physical track or
cluster for detecting the defective area during data writing.

[0033] After writing the data on the DVU, the optical disc
recording/ reproducing device 20 then repeats a series of defective area
detecting operations in which the optical disc recording/ reproducing device
20 reproduces the data written in the DVU, and verifies the data being
written regularly. For example, after writing a first to a fifth cluster
(clusters #1 ~ #5) continuously as a first defect verify unit DVU #1 (S10), the
optical disc recording/ reproducing device 20 reproduces the data
progressively written on the DVU #1, and detects any defective area.

[0034] For example, and as shown in FIG. 6, if a defective area is
detected in the cluster #2 (Sll), the data in the cluster #2 stored in the
memory 27 or other storage of the optical disc recording/ reproducing device
20 is temporarily written on the OSA in place of the defective area (SI 2).

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[0035] In this instance, the cluster #2 may be written on the OSA
starting from either the rear end or the fore end thereof. The optical disc
recording/ reproducing device 20 reproduces the data written on the DVU #1
starting from the cluster #3 after the writing operation. For example, and as
shown in FIG. 6, if there is a defective area in the cluster #4 (SI 3), the data
in the cluster #4 stored in the memory 27 or other storage of the optical disc
recording/ reproducing device 20 is temporarily written on the OSA in place
of the defective area (SI 4).

[0036] Therefore, the DVU #1 will eventually have clusters #1, #3, and
#5 written thereon regularly, and two defective areas. In contrast, the OSA
has cluster #2 and #4 written thereon in place of the respective defective
areas.

[0037] When a data recording having a temporary continuity (recording
1) ends while above defective area detection and replacement writing
operation is continued in the DVU #1, DVU #2, . . . DVU #n, the optical disc
recording/ reproducing device 20 writes, in the TDFL area, management
information as TDFL information for managing the defective areas and the
data written in place of the defective areas.

[0038] In this instance, the management information can be written

and managed as a TDFL in one example. As shown in FIG. 7, the TDFL may

include a plurality of defect entries Defect_Entry #1 . . .#m, each having a

first physical sector number of the defective area (PSN of Defective), a first

physical sector number of a data area where the replacement data for the

defective area is written (PSN of Replacement), and a cross-reference to one

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another. The TDFL info includes a first physical sector of each TDFL, e.g.,
PSN of TDFL #1, a spare area size and any other management information as
needed. Both the TDDS information and the TDFL information are
transferred and written in a defect management area (DMA) of the BD-WO as
defect management area information when the BD-WO is to be finalized or at
some designated time.

[0039] The optical disc recording/ reproducing device 20 writes in the
TDFL area of the BD-WO. and manages the temporary defect list information
within a predetermined recording size of smaller than four clusters, e.g.,
such as one cluster recording size. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, the
optical disc recording/ reproducing device 20 writes in the TDFL area and
manages the first to third defect entries D_Ent #1 - #3 produced from a
replacement writing process during a first data writing operation as first
temporary defect list (lst_TDFL) information of one cluster. The first
temporary defect list (lstJTDFL) information also includes writing location
information (usable_Add) of the area of the spare area that is available for
successive rewriting. For example, writing location information of the ISA
having a possible, successive replacement writing location is included in the
first temporary defect list (lst_TDFL). This writing location information
serves as a navigation pointer directing the process of defect management to
the appropriate locations of the data area.

[0040] The optical disc recording/ reproducing device 20 then adds a

fourth defect entry D_Ent #4 produced from a replacement writing process

during a second data writing operation to form first to fourth entries D_Ent

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#1 ~ #4. The optical disc recording/ reproducing device 20 writes in the
TDFL area and manages the first to fourth entries D_Ent #1 - #4 as a second
temporary defect list (2nd_TDFL) information of one cluster. The second
temporary defect list (2nd_TDFL) information also includes new writing
location information for the ISA successive replacement writing location if it
is available.

[0041] The optical disc recording/ reproducing device 20 then adds a
new fifth defect entry D_Ent #5 produced from a replacement writing process
during a third data writing operation to form first to fifth entries D_Ent # 1 ~
#5. The optical disc recording/ reproducing device 20 then writes in the
TDFL area and manages the first to fifth entries D_Ent #1 ~ #5 as a third
temporary defect list (3rd_TDFL) information of one cluster. The third
temporary defect list (3rd_TDFL) information also includes new writing
location information for the ISA successive replacement writing location if it
is available.

[0042] Therefore, since the defect list information only includes defect
entries for access to written replacement data actually written in the spare
area, and writing location information for the spare area successive
replacement writing locations if available, a recording size of the defect list
information can be limited to one cluster. Accordingly, these navigation
pointer(s) serve to reduce the required space for defect management
information.

[0043] FIG. 9 shows an example of writing defect management

information on a BD-WO when one of the spare areas, e.g., an ISA, is full

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with replacement data. Referring to FIG. 9, the optical disc
recording/ reproducing device 20 writes writing location information
(usable_Add) for successive replacement writing therein (if possible) on the
defect list. The optical disc recording/ reproducing device 20 writes
replacement data in an opposite direction of the data replacement writing
direction in the OSA in which the data is written, e.g., starting from an outer
side to an inner side.

[0044] Referring to FIG. 10, when the TDFL information to be newly
written exceeds a recording size of one cluster due to an increase of the
defect entries in the middle of production of the TDFL information of one
cluster, the recording size of the TDFL newly produced is enlarged to two
clusters from that time point forward according to a first embodiment of the
present invention. For instance, when the third TDFL (TDFL #3) of one
cluster size is full with the TDFL information written as discussed above, the
allocated size of each subsequent TDFL is increased to, e.g., 2 clusters, to
accommodate the increase in the TDFL information. In this manner, the
allocated size of each TDFL may be increased further, as needed, e.g., from 2
to 4 clusters in recording size.

[0045] As seen in a second embodiment shown in FIG. 11, when the
TDFL information to be newly written exceeds the recording size of one
cluster due to an increase of the defect entries in the middle of writing the
TDFL information in the first cluster, a record of the defect entries previously
written is omitted from the new TDFL information, e.g., in the fourth TDFL

(TDFL #4). Simultaneously, while the new TDFL information is written in

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one cluster, new defect entries and writing location information of the spare
area successive replacement writing locations (if possible) are written thereon.
In this way, the size of each TDFL can be maintained at or under one cluster,
as allocated.

[0046] The TDFL information having the new defect entries written
thereon, and the TDFL information written previously are grouped as a first
group (Group #1) and a second group (Group #2). Identification information
for identifying the first group and the second group, e.g., the index group
(Index_Group) information, is included with the TDDS information which is
written in a designated TDDS area of the BD-WO, e.g., the TDDS area in the
LI A shown in FIG. 6.

[0047] Accordingly, the optical disc device can carry out regular defect
area management and replacement writing operation with reference to the
defect entries in the TDFL information and writing location information of
the successive spare area locations for replacement writing (if available). In
addition, the optical disc device can write and manage the TDFL information
in the smallest possible recording size.

[0048] It should be noted that the TDFL information can be written in
any particular area on the recording medium, and transferred to a
permanent defect management area (DMA) on the BD-WO as DFL
information. In addition, the TDDS information can also be assigned to any
particular area on the recording medium, and transferred to the DMA as
DDS information.

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[0049] The present invention for writing and managing the minimum
defect entries and the writing location information for successive
replacement writing locations (if possible) is applicable not only to the BD-
WO described hereinabove and shown in the accompanying figures, but also
a variety of other recording media, e.g., such as BD-RW.

[0050] As seen in another embodiment of the present invention shown
in FIG. 12, the minimum defect entries, and the identification information for
indicating the end or termination of writing of the defect entries, e.g., such
as defect list terminator (Defect List Terminator) information of 8 byte
recording size, are written and managed in the first TDFL (TDFL #1). The
writing location information of the successive replacement writing locations
in the spare area (if available) is written and managed in the first TDDS
(TDDS #1) information corresponding to the first TDFL information.

[0051] Further, for example, in the exemplary spare area of a BD-WO
shown, the writing location information ( 1 st_usable_spare_cluster)
corresponding to a first sector of the first successive cluster available for
replacement writing and the first physical sector number (the PSN of the first
sector) for access to the first TDFL information (PSN of TDFL #1) are
included in the first TDDS information.

[0052] Also, as shown in FIG. 13, when the new second TDFL
information (TDFL #2) is renewed, new defect entries, and defect list
terminator information indicating the termination of the writing of the defect
list are written in the second TDFL information (TDFL #2).

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[0053] Also, the writing location information ( 1 st_usable_spare_cluster)
corresponding to a first sector of the first cluster of the spare area available
for successive replacement writing and the first physical sector number for
access to the second TDFL information (PSN of TDFL #2) are included in the
second TDDS corresponding to the second TDFL information.

[0054] Accordingly, the TDDS information (TDDS #k) includes a
physical sector number for access to the newly written TDFL information
(PSN of TDFL #k) and writing location information ( 1 st_usable_spare_cluster)
corresponding to a first sector of the first cluster of the spare area available
for successive replacement writing.

[0055] Referring to FIG. 14, in the case of a BD-WO having a single
layer and both the ISA and OSA, the TDDS (TDDS #k) includes writing
location information (lst_usable_ISAO_cluster) corresponding to a first sector
of the first cluster of the ISA available for successive replacement writing,
and writing location information (lst_usable_OSA0_cluster) corresponding to
a first sector of the first cluster of the OSA available for successive
replacement writing.

[0056] As seen in FIG. 14, if the data replacement written in the OSA is
written in a direction extending from an outer circumference toward an inner
circumference of the optical disc, writing location information of a last sector
of a cluster in front of the last data replacement written is written and
managed as writing location information of the OSA available for successive
replacement writing.

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Attorney Docket No. 0465-1029P

[0057] As seen in FIG. 15, in the case of a dual-layer BD-WO having
inner spare areas (ISAO, and ISA1) and outer spare areas (OSAO, and OSA1)
respectively assigned to the first layer (Layer 0) and a second layer (Layer 1),
the TDDS information (TDDS #K) includes writing location information
( 1 st__usable_ISAO_cluster, and 1 st_usable_ISA l_cluster) corresponding to
first sectors of the first clusters of the first and second inner spare areas
available as successive replacement writing sectors, and writing location
information ( 1 st_usable_OSA0_cluster, and 1 st_usable_OSA l_cluster)
corresponding to first sectors of the first clusters of the first and second
outer spare areas available as successive replacement writing sectors for
defect management. These writing location information pieces can be
written in the order shown or in different order.

[0058] As seen in FIG. 16, even in the case where the writing location
information (usable_Add) of the spare area available for successive
replacement writing is written and managed in the TDFL information as
described with reference to FIGS. 7-11, if the BD-WO has a single layer with
the ISA and the OSA assigned thereto (as shown in FIG. 16), the TDFL
information includes the writing location information (usable_Add_ISA)
identifying a first sector of a first cluster of the ISA available for successive
replacement writing and the writing location information (usable_Add_OSA)
identifying a first sector of a first cluster of the OSA available for successive
replacement writing for defect management.

[0059] Moreover, in the case a BD-WO having a dual layer with inner

spare areas (ISAO, and ISA1) and outer spare areas (OSAO, and OSA1)

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Attorney Docket No. 0465-1029P

respectively assigned to the first layer (Layer 0) and the second layer (Layer
1), the TDFL information includes writing location information
(usable_Add_ISAO, and usable_Add_ISAl) identifying first sectors of the first
clusters of the first and second inner spare areas available as successive
replacement writing sectors, and writing location information
(usable_Add_OSA0, and usable_Add_OSAl) identifying first sectors of the
first clusters of the first and second outer spare areas available for
successive replacement writing for defect management for both inner and
outer layers, respectively. These writing location information pieces can be
written in the order shown or in other order.

[0060] In another embodiment, the writing location information
identifying the available sector in one or more spare areas can be written in
the TDFL and the TDDS if desired.

[0061] Accordingly, the optical disc recording and reproducing device
20 can carry out regular defect area management and replacement writing
operations with reference to the defect entries in the TDFL information and
writing location information in the TDDS information and/ or the TDFL
information, and can write and manage the TDFL information in the smallest
possible recording size of the spare areas.

[0062] As has been described, the method for managing a defective
area on a high density optical disc of writable once type permits more
efficient writing and management of defect list information or temporary
defect list information for managing the defective area in a minimum

recording size, by writing a data in a defective area existing on a high density

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Attorney Docket No. 0465-1029P

optical disc, such as a BD-WO, in a spare area in place of the defective area,
producing defect list information for access to the data replacement written
in the spare area and writing in a particular area for management, wherein
defect entries actually corresponding to the replacement written data, and
writing location information of the spare area successive replacement writing
thereon are written and managed as defect list information for management,
or the writing location information of which replacement writing is possible is
written and managed in defect definition structure information.

[0063] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various
modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without
departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that
the present invention cover the modifications and variations of this invention
provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their
equivalents.

24